Owning a Rabbit

Rabbits make a good alternative to a dog or cat. They are usually not aggressive, don't have to be walked, and can be trained to use a litterbox or tray. Their average life-span is 8-12 years old, and they reach breeding age at 6 months of age. Early spaying and neutering at 4-6 months of age is recommended to decrease both medical and behavioural problems. Rabbits are known for their easy breeding abilities; pregnancy lasts about 30 days and the average size litter is 4-10 kits.

Proper handling of rabbits is important. Rabbits have a lightweight skeleton compared to most animals especially hutch-bound pets that may have osteoporosis. Their powerful back legs allow them to kick vigorously. If held improperly, a swift kick can easily cause a rabbit to break or dislocate its spine. Sadly, in the worst cases therapy may not be possible. When carrying your pet, always support its rear end. If the rabbit struggles, it should be placed down immediately, given time to quiet itself, and picked up a few minutes later. NEVER pick up your rabbit by its ears. Have your veterinarian show you the proper way to restrain and carry your rabbit.

Anatomical interests

Rabbits have large ears, illustrating their excellent sense of hearing. The ears also serve as a way for the rabbit to regulate its body temperature. The ears contain large veins which are often used for drawing blood for diagnostic testing.

Rabbits have a digestive tract that is adapted for digesting the large amount of fibre that is required in their diets. They are coprophagic – they are adapted to re-ingest a special portion of the diet (caecotroph) in order to digest food properly.

Rabbits have two pairs of upper incisor teeth (the second pair is hidden behind the first).

Like rodents, rabbit teeth grow throughout the pet's life and dental therapy will be required if the diet does not necessitate enough grinding by the teeth.

Selecting your pet

Rabbits can often be purchased at pet stores or through breeders. Ideally, select a young animal. The eyes and nose should be clear and free of any discharge that might indicate a respiratory infection. It should be curious and inquisitive. The rabbit should not be thin or emaciated. Check for the presence of wetness around the anus, which might indicate diarrhoea or an inability to ingest caecotrophs. Also check for the presence of parasites such as fleas and ear mites (ear mites cause the production of waxy black exudate in the ears). If possible, examine the rabbit's mouth for broken or overgrown incisors (front teeth), discolored gums (they should be light pink), and any obvious sores. Inquire as to whether the rabbit has been spayed or neutered; most have not been at the time of purchase. Finally, inquire as to any guarantee of health the seller is offering.

The first veterinary visit

Your rabbit should be examined by a qualified veterinarian within 48 hours of purchase. Make sure the veterinarian has experience in treating rabbits. The veterinarian should discuss housing, proper diet, and appropriate toys for the rabbit as well as advising on vaccination against viral haemorrhagic disease.