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  • An epulis is a benign oral tumour that affects the gum. It arises from the periodontal ligament which lines the tooth cavity and surrounds the tooth.

  • These are non-specific clinical signs and can be caused by many different conditions and diseases.

  • EPI is the inability of the pancreas to produce sufficient pancreatic juice to adequately digest fats and also to a lesser extent carbohydrates and proteins ingested in the food.

  • These are tumours arising from structures within the eye. They tend to result in an increase in the internal pressure (glaucoma), which then leads to blindness.

  • Melanocytic tumours are formed by abnormal melanocytes. Melanocytoma is a benign (non-spreading) melanoma. Malignant (spreading) tumours are sometimes called melanoma or more specifically malignant melanoma or melanosarcoma.

  • Melanocytic tumours are formed by abnormal melanocytes. Melanocytoma is a benign (non-spreading) melanoma. Malignant (spreading) tumours are sometimes called 'melanoma' or more specifically malignant melanoma or melanosarcoma.

  • Ectropion is an out-turning of the lower eyelid. It is the opposite of entropion where the eyelids roll inwards.

  • Entropion is inturning or inversion of the eyelid. It is frequently only the lower lid that is involved although both lids can be affected in Shar Peis and Chow Chows.

  • This describes a condition in which puppies are apparently normal at birth but fail to grow and die up to fourteen days later.

  • Feline chlamydiosis is caused by a bacterium-like organism. Because chlamydia lives inside cells of the body and is not able to survive for long in the environment, spread of infection relies on direct or close contact with an infected cat. The bacterium primarily infects the conjunctiva (the delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the edges of the eyeballs) causing inflammation (conjunctivitis). Since chlamydia is a bacterial infection, it can be successfully treated with a course of oral antibiotics.